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The following development standards shall apply to the development of all new communication facilities within the City of Larkspur, unless exempted pursuant to Larkspur Municipal Code Section 18.51.045:

A. Location Preferences. The City prefers wireless facilities to be installed in locations, ordered from most preferred to least preferred, as follows. When a lower ranked alternative is proposed, the application must include technical information demonstrating that a higher ranked option is not technically feasible in light of the provider’s service objectives.

1. Most Preferred Locations.

a. City-owned parcels in any zoning district, excepting parks and properties located in the H (Historic) Overlay Zone and residential zoning districts (R-1, R-2, R-3, RMP);

b. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in the industrial zoning district;

c. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in a commercial zoning district (C-1, C-2, AP);

d. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in a PD Zoning District developed with commercial and office uses; and

e. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in TD Zoning District;

2. Least Preferred Locations.

a. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in an open space district;

b. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in residential zoning districts (R-1, R-2, R-3, RMP);

c. Any public park;

d. Any parcel or public right-of-way within a PD Zoning District developed for residential use;

e. Any parcel or public right-of-way located in the Historic Overlay Zoning District (H).

B. Spacing and Co-Location.

1. New communication facilities shall be co-located with existing facilities and with other planned new facilities whenever feasible and aesthetically desirable. In addition, where feasible and aesthetically desirable, service providers are encouraged to co-locate with other facilities such as existing buildings, water tanks, light standards, and other utility structures where the co-location is found to minimize the overall visual impact. Service providers shall exhaust all reasonable measures to co-locate their communications facilities on existing towers or with or within existing ancillary support equipment facilities prior to applying for new communication facility sites. The service provider shall provide evidence that the provider has contacted all other potential providers who have, or who are reasonably likely to be installing, facilities within the vicinity of the proposed facility and has offered to participate in a joint installation project on reasonable terms. In order to facilitate co-location, conditions of approval for conditional use permits for new facilities shall require all service providers to cooperate in the siting of equipment and antennas to accommodate the maximum number of operators at a given site where found to be feasible and aesthetically desirable.

2. No new freestanding antenna structure, including towers, lattice towers, and monopoles, shall be located within one thousand (1,000) feet of another freestanding facility unless mounting on a building or co-location on an existing pole or tower is not feasible and techniques have been used to camouflage, screen, or otherwise minimize the visual impact of the facility to the extent feasible.

C. Height.

1. All ground-mounted wireless communication equipment shall be of a minimum functional height.

2. The height of a tower or monopole located on the ground shall not exceed thirty-five (35) feet.

3. Subject to approval of a conditional use permit, a tower or monopole, may exceed thirty-five (35) feet in height, but shall not exceed fifty (50) feet when located adjacent to residentially zoned properties or a residential development in a PD Zoning District, and shall not be readily visible to an adjacent residentially zoned property.

4. The height of a communications facility located on a building shall not exceed fifteen (15) feet above the maximum height limit for that district.

5. Antennas mounted on the side of a building shall not extend above the roof line or building parapet.

6. Antennas mounted on existing electric towers, utility poles or light poles shall not exceed the existing height of the tower or pole.

D. Colors and Materials. All antennas, poles, towers or equipment, including ancillary support equipment, shall have a nonreflective finish and shall be painted or otherwise treated to match or blend with the primary background and minimize visual impacts. Antennas attached to a building shall be enclosed within an architectural feature designed to match the architecture of the building, painted, or otherwise treated to match the exterior of the building. All ground-mounted equipment shall be covered with a clear anti-graffiti type material of a type approved by the Public Works Director or shall be adequately secured to prevent graffiti.

E. Screening.

1. All ground-mounted equipment, antennas, poles, towers or monopoles shall be sited to be screened by existing development, topography, or vegetation, to the extent feasible. Ground-mounted facilities are encouraged to be located within buildings, underground, in fenced enclosures, and placed in areas where substantial screening by existing buildings or vegetation can be achieved. Additional new vegetation or other screening may be required by the Zoning Administrator or by the Planning Commission if a conditional use permit is required. The applicant shall use the smallest and least visible antennas possible to accomplish the owner/operator’s coverage objectives.

2. All associated wiring and power cables for a communications facility shall be concealed within stealth enclosures along with associated antennas, within the tower or monopole, or within cable covers to blend with the existing natural or built surroundings and existing supporting structures. Wiring and cable runs shall not be installed on the exterior of a building wall that is visible from a public right-of-way or parking lot.

F. Siting.

1. Communication facilities located on the roof of a building shall be set back from the nearest roof edge the equivalent of the height of the tower or a minimum of ten (10) feet, whichever is greater.

2. Towers, monopoles and antennas shall be set back, and not readily visible, from a residentially zoned property or residential development within a PD Zoning District at a ratio of two (2) horizontal feet for every one foot in height.

3. Towers, monopoles and antennas shall be set back from any site boundary or public right-of-way by a minimum of twenty-five (25) feet. No part of any tower or antenna shall extend into any required front or street side yard or beyond the property lines of the development site.

4. In order of preference, ancillary support equipment for a communication facility shall be located either within a building, underground, in a rear yard or on a screened rooftop area. Ground-mounted facilities that are located within the front or side yard or public right-of-way shall be undergrounded, unless the applicant demonstrates that undergrounding is not technologically feasible, and located so as to be screened by landscaping, in close proximity to existing above-ground utilities (such as electrical towers or utility poles), light poles, trees of comparable height, water tanks, and other areas where the ground-mounted facility will be designed and screened to blend with the existing natural or built surroundings .

G. Power Lines. All power lines to and within a communications site shall be underground where possible, as determined by the Director of Public Works.

H. Backup Power Supplies. All backup power supplies (e.g., generators) located in an industrial zoning district shall be enclosed within an equipment enclosure and operated in accordance with Larkspur Municipal Code Section 18.51.070(G). Backup power supplies for communication facilities located in commercial or residential zoning districts shall require the approval of a conditional use permit by the Planning Commission. In any zoning district, ancillary fuel storage tank(s) to support backup power supplies shall require approval of a conditional use permit by the Planning Commission. (Ord. 1039, 2019; Ord. 1030 § 2(12), 2018; Ord. 930 § 2, 2004. Formerly 18.51.050)